Brick



Nov. 10, 1936.

s. c'. PORTER BRICK Filed July 27, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I 4 INVENTbR Mvvj ATTORNEY:

Nov. 10, 1936. 8, P R ER 2,060,746

BRICK Filed July 27, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

A TTORNE Y.

Patented Nov. 10, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Application July 27,1934, Serial No. 737,279

'7 Claims.

This invention relates to bricks. The herein illustrated form of brickconstruction is particuarly adapted for paving purposes. For thisreason, the invention is shown embodied in a brick, which may be made bya machine of the type shown in Letters Patent No. 1,809,601 granted June9, 1931 to Jacob Nesley Porter. In burning bricks in a kiln provisionmust be made to adequately support them in spaced relation to preventdistortion and marking and insure uniform heating and burning by thekiln atmosphere and cooling while progressing through the kiln, wherebythe bricks may be handled and transported without danger of theircorners and ends breaking ofi. At the same time, the total area of thespacing lugs must not exceed a predetermined amount as compared to thearea of the lug carrying face of the brick, to permit the supply ofsufficient filler or grouting when the bricks are laid for sealing thespaces between the bricks.

One object of the invention is to provide an improved construction ofbricks each having on one side projecting lugs the shape, size andarrangement of which secures the above advantageous results when thebricks are stacked in a kiln for burning and when assembled to form apavement.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved brick havingspacing lugs on one side and ends shaped to provide adequate flow of thegrouting and a locking and sealing relation between the bricks when thegrouting sets.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved brick havingon one side spacing lugs the lateral walls of which are shaped tofacilitate the flow of the grouting or filler used in laying the bricks.

Other objects of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in theart to which my invention relates from the following description takenin connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein Fig. 1 is a planview of a plurality of bricks constructed according to an embodiment ofthis invention, showing the bricks in nested form on a kiln truck orwhen laid as a paving.

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but showing a different manner ofstacking the bricks.

Fig. 3 is a top plan of a single brick.

Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the brick shown in Fi 3.

Fig. 5 is a detail side elevation of the brick shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of this brick.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a modified form of this brick.

Fig. 8 is an end elevation of the brick shown in Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a detail side elevation of the brick shown in Fig. '7.

In the drawings, I indicates a fragmentary portion of a pavementconstructed of bricks 2 embodying my invention. The bricks 2 are ofsimilar shape and size, being preferably provided with rounded corners,and are of the type known as vertical fiber grooved lug brick, as thecut surfaces 2 of the bricks are laid upper-most, to provide asubstantially non-skid driving surface, with the lugs projecting fromthe die formed vertical faces or sides to space the bricks of adjoiningcourses. Each brick 2 is provided on one side} with pairs of lugs 4arranged inwardly of and equal distances from the opposite ends 5 andlateral edges of the adjacent side 3 and an in termediate pair of lugs 6arranged centrally of the side 3 and inwardly of and equal distancesfrom the lateral edges of the side 3. As shown, the lugs have flat topsupporting or engaging surfaces 1 in the same plane and the lugs of eachpair are so related that when the brick is laid,

as shown in Fig. 1, they are in a vertical plane, 20

one above the other. The top surfaces 1 of the lugs 6 are relativelylong longitudinally of the side 3, as compared to the length of the lugs4 in the same direction, and extend equal distances to either side of atransverse line mid-way or centrally between the ends-of the side 3. Inthis form of construction, a single pair of lugs serves as thesupporting and engaging surfaces for the adjoining ends of two adjacentbricks when the bricks are laid as shown in Fig. 1. In setting thebricks in a kiln, the adjacent upper and lower bricks are reversed withtheir sides 3 in opposed relation and off-set, as shown in Fig. 2, sothat the sides 3 of the upper bricks have bearing on the lugs of thelower bricks and the lugs of the upper bricks have bearing on the sides3 of the lower bricks, the purpose being to increase the area of thebearing surfaces between the bricks. This nesting arrangement increasesthe capacity of the kiln. As will be apparent from the drawings, theintermediate portion of each brick and its ends are adequately supportedto prevent the material at the ends or corners developing weak cohesioncharacteristics and readily breaking off during handling andtransporting. By making the lugs 6 relatively long and the lugs 4shorter, longitudinally of the brick, the central lugs 6 may adequatelysupport the adjoining ends of two bricks and the total area of the lugsmay be limited to the maximum amount (namely, two and one-half squareinches) in proportion to the size of a standardbrick.

The lugs of each pair are so spaced relative to each other and thelateral edges of the adjacent side 3 that when the bricks are assembledside by side in a kiln, corresponding lugs on adjoining bricks aresubstantially equally spaced. The front and rear side walls 8 of thelugs are inclined downwardly and outwardly, whereas the inner lateralwalls 8' of the lugs and by preference the outer lateral walls 9 are ofcurvalinear shape struck on an arc the outer ends of which aretangential to the plane of the adjacent side 3, these walls forming arelatively large concaved groove the purpose of which is to facilitatethe flow of the filler or grouting below and between the lugs to insureanchorage of the bricks against relative displacement. Where each end 5of each brick is shaped to form inclined faces extending from atransverse medial line inwardly to the opposite edges of the end 5, asshown at I0, I form therein a plurality of parallel concave grooves l0disposed at right angles to the medial line. The grooves ID arepreferably of less depth than the height of the surfaces II] from thebase line thereof and therefore terminate at points between the medialline and opposite edges of the adjacent end 5.

In Figs. 7, 8 and 9 I show a modified form of construction in which thedie formed end walls 5 are at right angles to the die formed side walls3 and each end wall is provided centrally with a pair of lugs H whichare shaped, arranged and related to each other and the surfaces 2'corresponding to the lugs of the pairs 4, 6. As the lugs l l arearranged centrally of the ends 5, they abut with the corresponding lugson the adjoining bricks when laid. As will be understood, the groovesbetween the lugs H in the form of construction shown in Figs. 7, 8 and 9and groove H) in the form of construction shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6provide for the flow of the filler into the spaces between the ends ofadjoining bricks.

To those skilled in the art to which my invention relates, many changesin construction and widely differing embodiments and applications of theinvention will suggest themselves Without departing from the spirit andscope of the invention. My disclosures and the description herein arepurely illustrative and not intended to be in any sense limiting.

What I claim is:

l. A brick comprising a substantially rectangular body having on oneside outer pairs of transversely extending spaced integral lugs and acentral pair of transversely extending spaced integ'ral lugs, said lugshaving a predetermined supporting area and the supporting areas of thecentral pair of lugs being longer longitudinally of the body than eitherouter pair of lugs, each outer pair of lugs being spaced from thecentral pair of lugs a distance greater than the longitudinal length ofthe latter lugs.

2. A brick comprising a substantially rectangular body having tractiveupper and lower surfaces and provided on one side with outer pairs oftransversely extending spaced integral lugs and a central pair oftransversely extending spaced integral lugs, said lugs having apredetermined supporting area and the supporting areas of the centralpair of lugs being longer longitudinally of the body than either outerpair of lugs, each outer pair of lugs being spaced from the central pairof lugs a distance greater than the longitudinal length of the latterlugs and the end walls of the body being shaped to provide spacingdevices formed with transverse grooves.

3. A brick comprising a substantially rectangular body having tractiveupper and lower surfaces and provided on one side with outer pairs oftransversely extending spaced integral lugs and a central pair oftransversely extending spaced integral lugs, said lugs having apredetermined supporting area and the supporting areas of the centralpair of lugs being longer longitudinally of the body than either outerpair of lugs, each outer pair of lugs being spaced from the central pairof lugs a distance greater than the longitudinal length of the latterlugs and the end walls of the body having faces inclined inwardly from amedial line and formed with grooves disposed at right angles to themedial line.

4. A brick comprising a substantially rectangular body having tractiveupper and lower surfaces and provided on one side with outer pairs oftransversely extending spaced integral lugs and a central pair oftransversely extending spaced integral lugs, said lugs having apredetermined supporting area and the supporting areas of the centralpair of lugs being longer longitudinally of the body than either outerpair of lugs, each outer pair of lugs being spaced from the central pairof lugs a distance greater than the longitudinal length of the latterlugs and the ends walls of the body having faces inclined inwardly froma medial line and formed with grooves disposed at right angles to themedial line, the depth of said grooves being less than the base lineconnecting the opposite edges of said inclined faces.

5. A brick comprising a substantially rectangular body having on oneside outer pairs of transversely extending spaced integral lugs and acentral pair of transversely extending spaced integral lugs, said lugshaving a predetermined supporting area and the supporting areas of thecentral pair of lugs being longer longitudinally of the body than eitherouter pair of lugs, each outer pair of lugs being spaced from thecentral pair of lugs a distance greater than the longitudinal length ofthe latter lugs and the inner lateral Walls of said lugs being curved onarcs the inner ends of which are substantially tangential to the planeof the adjacent side.

6. A brick comprising a substantially rectangular body having on oneside outer pairs of transversely extending spaced integral lugs and acentral pair of transversely extending spaced integral lugs, said lugshaving a predetermined supporting area and the supporting areas of thecentral pair of lugs being longer longitudinally of the body than eitherouter pair of lugs and a pair of spaced lugs disposed centrally on eachend wall of the body one above the other, each outer pair of lugs beingspaced from the central pair of lugs a distance greater than thelongitudinal length of the latter lugs and the inner lateral walls ofeach pair of lugs being curved on r arcs the inner ends of which aresubstantially tangential to the plane of the adjacent body surface.

'7. A brick comprising a substantially rectangular body having on oneside outer pairs of transversely extending spaced integral lugs and acentral pair of transversely extending spaced integral lugs, said lugshaving a predetermined supporting area and the supporting areas of thecentral pair of lugs being longer longitudinally of the body than eitherouter pair of lugs, each outer pair of lugs being spaced from thecentral pair of lugs a distance greater than the longitudinal length ofthe latter lugs and each lug of each pair being spaced from the adjacentside edge of the lug carrying side a distance approximately one half thewidth of the space between the lugs of each pair thereof.

SIDNEY C. PORTER.

